The book of Esther is an amazing story about a young Jewish girl who marries a Persian king. While you may be familiar with this book, stay tuned to find out how you can use its example to write subtext in your own stories.

There is no doubt that Esther’s story is about God’s providential hand in our lives, and how He takes care of His children. However, you may be surprised to find that there is actually no mention of God’s name in the entire book. Instead of coming right out and saying that God was responsible for the miraculous protection of His people, the writer of this book chose to use subtext to portray His presence.

To understand subtext, we first must examine the writing rule “show, don’t tell.” So, instead of just stating that the man was angry, we would show his glowering features and his clenched fists. There is, of course, a place for telling within a story, but showing generally takes precedence.

Subtext takes this rule of “show, don’t tell,” and applies it to the overall theme of a story, speech, or conversation. Instead of stating that the story is about redemption, show it through the story. Again, there also are definitely times when you should state the story’s theme.

So, looking at the book of Esther, let’s identify some key points to using subtext in a story:

1. Under the surface

Subtext, as we’ve already determined, is subtle in nature. It focuses on what isn’t said, rather than what is. Subtext brings things to attention by purposely leaving them unmentioned. And, indeed, when the story itself makes something obvious, a definite statement often isn’t needed.

Now, when it comes to things of a spiritual nature, there is a need for clarity and transparency. However, since the book of Esther was placed within a larger collection of books, it serves its purpose well. Also, the use of subtext within the book does its job well, directing the reader’s thoughts toward God’s providence.

It’s important, then, to make sure that subtext remains where it belongs until it fulfills its duty. In the case of Esther’s story, the theme is never directly mentioned, even at the end of the book. Yet, by the conclusion, the reader is convinced of this theme. This is because subtext was masterfully employed so direct statements weren’t necessary.

2. Not completely invisible

While subtext ought to stay in the shadows, it’s still very much present. Just as we can see the effects of an invisible wind, we should be able to clearly observe the theme of a story at work. If we keep it completely out of sight, its work won’t be as effective—and might not even be noticed at all.

In the book of Esther, God’s hand is clearly at work. We can see how He preserves Esther, places her in the position of queen, guides Mordecai to save the king’s life, and provides protection for His people. Yet, through it all, God Himself is not mentioned at all. Even so, we know that it is God doing the work, as evidently as though it had been stated.

3. Based on known facts

The subtext itself remains unseen, but it’s still very much the truth. And, because it’s the truth, it will coincide with the things readers can see. This side of subtext is kind of like the art style that uses negative space. By viewing what’s actually in the picture, an onlooker can then see what isn’t there.

It’s the same with subtext… even though it’s never directly stated, we sense its presence because it fits right in with the rest of the story.

Esther’s entire story displays God’s providence—every event shows that it must be He who is watching over Esther and her people.

Of course, subtext can be used on a scene and dialogue level, but we’ll cover that another time. Also, subtext and symbolism go hand in hand, so be sure to use them together in your stories. And if you haven’t read the book of Esther yet, I encourage you to do so—you won’t regret it.

Comment below what your favorite example of subtext is!